The first green revolution in agriculture in 1960 has helped keep the growth rate of food production of the population. Because of continued population growth, the Green Revolution was a success as “temporary,” said Norman Borlaug received the 1970 Nobel Peace Prize as one of its architects. Today, as the population moves to $ 8 million in 2025, a second green revolution should focus on crops for food security 2 billion people lack. It should focus not only on improving the yields of the three great staples of rice, maize and wheat but also in crops such as sorghum, millet and cassava.
The World Food Summit held in Rome in 1996, also recommended the following measures to improve agriculture:
Improving yields on marginal lands. Despite the poor soil quality and lack of water, many marginal lands can be cultivated successfully. For example, the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture has been a pioneer in agriculture “as a track of sustainable replacement of fire. If cultures are used in the right combination, alley farming can increase yields on poor soils in mountainous areas, thus reducing the need to clear forests for farmland. The concept is straightforward: the legumes such as mucuna, are planted between rows of cash crops such as peas and beans. Legumes help keep the soil in place and improve the nutrient content and prevent weeds from taking root.
The expansion of aquaculture. When the breeding of fish for local consumption or regional was tried, the results have been impressive. Unless the fish farms are well managed, however, can contribute to coastal pollution by improper disposal of waste and excessive stockpiling.
Rediscovering forgotten foods. Another way to help ensure food security is to cultivate traditional food plants that modern agriculture has been neglected. Amaranth and quinoa, two grains grown by the Aztecs of Mexico and the Incas of Peru, are examples. Beans are versatile and nutritious, containing higher quality protein than most other companies cereals, including maize and rice. In addition, both thrive in harsh conditions. Amaranth thrives in hot climates, while the quinoa is resistant to frost and can reach great heights.
The increase in yields. Some countries are improving crop yields with new approaches that use low level inputs. Examples include animal waste fertilizers instead of chemicals, recycling nutrients, conserving water, and the selection of a variety of crops better adapted to soil and climate conditions.
An alternative technique is the integrated pest management (IPM). IPM utilizes several strategies to: the conservation of natural enemies of pests by using varieties resistant seed pests and dramatically reducing the quantities of pesticide. This approach has increased performance and reduced use of pesticides and fertilizers.
Empowering women farmers. Women produce 80% to 90% of food consumed locally in many countries. The farmers need better access to credit, agricultural extension services, and training.
Related posts:
